{"id":8771,"date":"2016-07-18T05:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-07-17T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%9e%90%eb%a5%bc-%ec%9c%84%ed%95%9c-ssd-coding-for-ssd-part-5-%ec%a0%91%ea%b7%bc-%eb%b0%a9%eb%b2%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%8b%9c%ec%8a%a4%ed%85%9c-%ec%b5%9c%ec%a0%81%ed%99%94\/"},"modified":"2016-07-22T13:36:07","modified_gmt":"2016-07-22T04:36:07","slug":"%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%9e%90%eb%a5%bc-%ec%9c%84%ed%95%9c-ssd-coding-for-ssd-part-5-%ec%a0%91%ea%b7%bc-%eb%b0%a9%eb%b2%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%8b%9c%ec%8a%a4%ed%85%9c-%ec%b5%9c%ec%a0%81%ed%99%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%9e%90%eb%a5%bc-%ec%9c%84%ed%95%9c-ssd-coding-for-ssd-part-5-%ec%a0%91%ea%b7%bc-%eb%b0%a9%eb%b2%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%8b%9c%ec%8a%a4%ed%85%9c-%ec%b5%9c%ec%a0%81%ed%99%94\/","title":{"rendered":"\uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub97c \uc704\ud55c SSD (Coding for SSD) &#8211; Part 5 : \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\ubc95\uacfc \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub97c \uc704\ud55c SSD (Coding for SSD) &#8211; Part 5 : \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\ubc95\uacfc \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654<\/p>\n<p>\uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778 \uc791\ub3d9 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uc0b4\ud3b4 \ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub610\ud55c SSD\ub97c \uc811\uadfc\ud560 \ub54c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadf8 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\ubc95\uc774 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubc29\ubc95\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc65c \ub098\uc740\uc9c0 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc774\ud574\ub97c \ub3d5\ub294 \uc790\ub8cc\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc81c\uacf5\ud588\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc774\ubc88 \ucc55\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc77d\uae30\uc640 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ucc98\ub9ac\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f0\uae30\uac00 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \ub54c \uc11c\ub85c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uac04\uc12d \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ub0b4\uac8c \ub418\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uaca0\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc131\ub2a5 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ud30c\uc77c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc870\uae08 \uc5b8\uae09\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uaca0\ub2e4<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/files\/coding_for_ssd_part5_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"section\">7. \uc561\uc138\uc2a4 \ud328\ud134<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"io-\">7.1. \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c\uacfc \ub79c\ub364 I\/O\uc758 \uc815\uc758<\/h3>\n<p>\uc774\ubc88 \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c(\u201csequential\u201d)\uacfc \ub79c\ub364(\u201crandom\u201d)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub85c SSD \uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc774\uc804 I\/O \uc624\ud37c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc758 \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \ub17c\ub9ac \ube14\ub85d \uc8fc\uc18c(LBA) \uc9c1\ud6c4\uc758 \ub17c\ub9ac \ube14\ub85d \uc8fc\uc18c(LBA)\ub97c \uc2dc\uc791 \uc9c0\uc810\uc73c\ub85c SSD\ub97c \uc811\uadfc\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c\uc774\uba70,<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \ub79c\ub364\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 FTL\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c \ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ube14\ub85d \ub9f5\ud551\uc774 \uc2e4\ud589\ub418\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0,<br \/>\n\ub17c\ub9ac \uc8fc\uc18c\uac00 \uc5f0\uc18d\uc801\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud574\uc11c \uc2e4\uc81c \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc704\uce58\uac00 \uc5f0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2d0 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\ub3c4 \uae30\uc5b5\ud574\ub450\uc790.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"section-1\">7.2. \uc4f0\uae30<\/h3>\n<p>\ubca4\uce58\ub9c8\ud0b9\uacfc \uc81c\uc870\uc0ac\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc2dc\ud2b8\ub97c \ubcf4\uba74, \ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc4f0\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub290\ub9ac\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ubb3c\ub860 \uc774\uac74 \uc815\ud655\ud558\uac8c \ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\uc758 \uc6cc\ud06c\ub85c\ub4dc\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a0\ub0d0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud2c0\ub9b0 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\uc77c \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc4f0\uae30 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc791\ub2e4\uba74(\uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc791\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uae30\uc900\uc740 Clustered block\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc791\uc740 \uac83\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uba70,<br \/>\n\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc11c 32MB \ubbf8\ub9cc \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uc0dd\uac01\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4), \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc2dc\ud2b8\ub098 \ubca4\uce58\ub9c8\ud0b9\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0\uc11c\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc4f0\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub290\ub9ac\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 Clustered block\uc758 \ud06c\uae30 \ub610\ub294 \uadf8 \ubc30\uc218\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub79c\ub364\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f0\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc4f0\uae30\uc640 \uac70\uc758 \ube44\uc2b7\ud55c \uc218\uc900\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ub0b4\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc139\uc158 6\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf8 \uac83\uacfc \uac19\uc774 SSD\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac\ub294 \ucd5c\uc18c \ud558\ub098\uc758 Clustered block\uc774 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub420 \ub54c \ucd5c\ub300 \ucc98\ub9ac \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub300\ub7c9\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c\uc774\ub4e0\uc9c0 \ub79c\ub364\uc774\ub4e0\uc9c0,<br \/>\n\ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc5ec\ub7ec \ucc44\ub110\uacfc \uc5ec\ub7ec \uce69\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ub0b4\ubd80 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4(\ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ucc44\ub110\uacfc \uc5ec\ub7ec \uce69\uc73c\ub85c \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub77c\uc774\ud551\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4).<br \/>\n\ub610\ud55c \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0 SSD\uac00 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac \ub2a5\ub825\ub4e4\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\nClustered block\uc758 \uc4f0\uae30 \uc624\ud37c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc740 \uc139\uc158 7.3\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uaca0\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \uc131\ub2a5\uc801\uc778 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c (\uadf8\ub9bc 8\uacfc 9) \uc4f0\uae30 \ubc84\ud37c\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\uac00 Clustered block(\uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 SSD\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 16MB \ub610\ub294 32MB)\uc5d0<br \/>\n\uac00\uae4c\uc6cc\uc9c0\uac70\ub098 \ub354 \ucee4\uc9c0\uba74\uc11c \ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\uc758 \uc2a4\ub8e8\ud48b\uc774 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc4f0\uae30\uc640 \ube44\uc2b7\ud574\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/files\/coding_for_ssd_part5_2.jpg\" alt=\"\uadf8\ub9bc 8: 4\uac1c SSD \uc81c\ud488\uc758 \ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\uc640 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc4f0\uae30 \uc131\ub2a5 \ubc0f \ubc84\ud37c \ud06c\uae30\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\ub3c4\" \/><br \/>\n(\ucd9c\ucc98: 2012\ub144 Kim et al <sup id=\"fnref:2\"><a href=\"2\" class=\"footnote\">1<\/a><\/sup>)<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/files\/coding_for_ssd_part5_3.jpg\" alt=\"\uadf8\ub9bc9: 4\uac1c SSD \uc81c\ud488\uc758 \ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\uc640 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc4f0\uae30 \uc131\ub2a5 \ubc0f \ubc84\ud37c \ud06c\uae30\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\ub3c4\" \/><br \/>\n(\ucd9c\ucc98: 2012\ub144 Min et al <sup id=\"fnref:8\"><a href=\"8\" class=\"footnote\">2<\/a><\/sup>)<\/p>\n<p>\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc4f0\uae30\uac00 \uc791\ub2e4\uba74(\uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc791\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 NAND \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc791\uc740 16KB \ubbf8\ub9cc\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8),<br \/>\n\ucee8\ud2b8\ub864\ub7ec\ub294 \ube14\ub85d \ub9f5\ud551\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uba54\ud0c0 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uad00\ub9ac\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc77c\uc744 \ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc77c\ubd80 SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub294 \ub17c\ub9ac \ube14\ub85d \uc8fc\uc18c\uc640 \ubb3c\ub9ac \ube14\ub85d \uc8fc\uc18c\uc758 \ub9f5\ud551\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ud2b8\ub9ac \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uad6c\uc870\uccb4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:1\"><a href=\"1\" class=\"footnote\">3<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc791\uace0 \ube48\ubc88\ud55c \ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc758 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac(RAM)\uc758 \ub9f5\ud551 \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ube48\ubc88\ud558\uac8c \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc758 \ub9f5\ud551 \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc740 \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub85c \ub3d9\uae30\ud654\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\ub294\ub370<sup id=\"fnref:1:1\"><a href=\"1\" class=\"footnote\">3<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:5\"><a href=\"5\" class=\"footnote\">4<\/a><\/sup>,<br \/>\n\uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8\ub294 \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc758 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc4f0\uae30\ub97c \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \uba54\ud0c0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc744 \ub35c \ud544\uc694\ub85c \ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub3d9\uae30\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ud68c\uc218\ub3c4 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h5 id=\"section-2\">\ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\uac00 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub290\ub9b0 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/h5>\n<p>\ub9cc\uc57d \uc4f0\uae30\uac00 Clustered block\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc791\ub2e4\uba74, \ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc4f0\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub290\ub9b4 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc4f0\uae30\uac00 Clustered block\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ubc30\uc218 \ud06c\uae30\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74,<br \/>\n\ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\ub3c4 SSD\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uba70 \uadf8\ub85c \uc778\ud574\uc11c \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc4f0\uae30\uc640 \ube44\uc2b7\ud55c \uc2a4\ub8e8\ud48b\uc744 \ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud06c\uae30\uac00 \uc791\uc73c\uba74 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc2a4\ub8e8\ud48b\uc774 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ub610 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc774\uc720\ub85c\ub294 \ube14\ub85d\uc758 \u201ccopy-erase-write\u201d \uc624\ud37c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc774 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ubc18\uba74 \ucd5c\uc18c \ube14\ub85d \ud06c\uae30\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \ube60\ub978 \u201cswitch-merge\u201d \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\uac00 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uac8c\ub2e4\uac00 \uc791\uc740 \ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub79c\ub364\ud558\uac8c \ubb34\ud6a8\ud654\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ucd5c\uc545\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub9ce\uc740 \ube14\ub85d\ub4e4\uc774 \ub2e8 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ubb34\ud6a8\ud654\ub41c \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc774\ub294 \u201cstale\u201d \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc774 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc9d1\uc911\ud654(localizing)\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c,<br \/>\n\uc804\uccb4 \ubb3c\ub9ac \uacf5\uac04\uc5d0 \uace8\uace0\ub8e8 \ud37c\ub728\ub9ac\ub294 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ub0b4\uac8c \ub418\ub294\ub370 \uc774\ub97c \u201c\ub0b4\ubd80 \ud504\ub808\uadf8\uba58\ud14c\uc774\uc158(internal fragmentation)\u201d\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub0b4\ubd80 \ud504\ub808\uadf8\uba58\ud14c\uc774\uc158\uc740 Garbage-collection\uc774 \u201cfree\u201d \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0b4\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ub9ce\uc740 \ube14\ub85d \uc0ad\uc81c(Erase)\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \u201cCleaning efficiency\u201d\ub97c \uc720\ubc1c\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc73c\ub85c \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uba74, \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\ub7c9\uc758 \ubc84\ud37c\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\uac00 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc791\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc4f0\uae30\ud558\ub294 \uac83\ub9cc\ud07c \ube60\ub974\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub2e8\uc77c \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\ub85c \ub300\ub7c9 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc4f0\uae30\uc2dc\uc5d0\ub294 SSD\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\ub85c \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubcd1\ub82c\ub85c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc4f0\uae30\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc758 \uc2a4\ub8e8\ud48b\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:1:2\"><a href=\"1\" class=\"footnote\">3<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:5:1\"><a href=\"5\" class=\"footnote\">4<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\n\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \ub9ce\uc740 \ub3d9\uc2dc \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\uac00 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc4f0\uae30\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub2e8\uc77c \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc \uc4f0\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub808\uc774\ud134\uc2dc\ub97c \uc99d\uac00\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc5ed \ud6a8\uacfc\ub9cc \ub0b3\uac8c \ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:3\"><a href=\"3\" class=\"footnote\">5<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:26\"><a href=\"26\" class=\"footnote\">6<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:27\"><a href=\"27\" class=\"footnote\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h5 id=\"section-3\">\ud558\ub098\uc758 \ud070 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \ub9ce\uc740 \ub3d9\uc2dc \uc4f0\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub0ab\ub2e4<\/h5>\n<p>\ud558\ub098\uc758 \ud070 \uc4f0\uae30 \uc694\uccad\uc740 \ubcd1\ub82c\ub85c \uc2e4\ud589\ub418\ub294 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc791\uc740 \uc4f0\uae30 \uc694\uccad\ub9cc\ud07c\uc758 \uc2a4\ub8e8\ud48b\uc744 \ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub808\uc774\ud134\uc2dc \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uba74, \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ud070 \uc4f0\uae30 \uc694\uccad\uc740 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc4f0\uae30 \uc694\uccad\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \uc751\ub2f5 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c \ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\uba74 \ud070 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud55c\ubc88\uc5d0 \uae30\ub85d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<h5 id=\"section-4\">\ubc84\ud37c\ub9c1\ub418\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \uc791\uc740 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \uba40\ud2f0 \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\ub85c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4<\/h5>\n<p>\ub9ce\uc740 \ub3d9\uc2dc \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\ub85c \uc791\uc740 \uc4f0\uae30 \uc694\uccad\uc740 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc791\uc740 \uc4f0\uae30 \uc694\uccad\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub098\uc740 \uc2a4\ub8e8\ud48b\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub9cc\uc57d I\/O \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc791\uace0 \ubc84\ud37c\ub9c1 \ub610\ub294 \ubc30\uce58\ub85c \ubb36\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74 \uba40\ud2f0 \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\ub85c \uc4f0\uae30\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3 id=\"section-5\">7.3. \uc77d\uae30<\/h3>\n<p>\uc77d\uae30\ub294 \uc4f0\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ube60\ub978\ub2e4. \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c \uc77d\uae30\uc640 \ub79c\ub364 \uc77d\uae30\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc740 \uc6cc\ud06c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\uc801\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\nFTL\uc740 \ub17c\ub9ac \ube14\ub85d\uacfc \ubb3c\ub9ac \ube14\ub85d\uc744 \ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9f5\ud551\ud558\uba70, \uc4f0\uae30\ub97c \uc5ec\ub7ec \ucc44\ub110\ub85c \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub77c\uc774\ud551\ud574\uc900\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc774 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \ub54c\ub85c\ub294 \u201cWrite-order-based\u201d \ub9f5\ud551\uc774\ub77c\uace0\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:3:1\"><a href=\"3\" class=\"footnote\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\n\ub9cc\uc57d \ucc98\uc74c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uae30\ub85d\ub418\ub358 \uc21c\uc11c\uc640\ub294 \ubb34\uad00\ud558\uac8c \uc644\uc804\ud788 \ub79c\ub364\ud558\uac8c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc77d\uae30 \uc694\uccad\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74,<br \/>\n\uc124\ub839 \uc77d\uae30 \uc694\uccad\uc774 \uc5f0\uc18d\uc801\uc774\ub77c \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ucc44\ub110\ub85c \ubd84\uc0b0\ub418\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc5f0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \ub79c\ub364 \uc77d\uae30\uac00 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ucc44\ub110\uc5d0 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c \ub2e4\ub978 \ube14\ub85d\ub4e4\uc744 \uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70,<br \/>\n\uc774\ub7f0 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 SSD\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\nAcunu\ub294 \uadf8\uc758 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8<sup id=\"fnref:47\"><a href=\"47\" class=\"footnote\">8<\/a><\/sup>\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc77d\uae30 \uc131\ub2a5\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc77d\uae30 \ud328\ud134\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc4f0\uae30 \ud328\ud134\uacfc \uc77c\uce58\ud558\ub290\ub0d0\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc5b8\uae09\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h5 id=\"section-6\">\uc77d\uae30 \uc131\ub2a5 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c, \uc5f0\uad00\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uac19\uc774 \uc4f0\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc790<\/h5>\n<p>\uc77d\uae30 \uc131\ub2a5\uc740 \uc4f0\uae30 \ud328\ud134\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\uc774\ub2e4. \ub300\ub7c9\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ud55c\ubc88\uc5d0 \uae30\ub85d\ub41c\ub2e4\uba74, \uadf8 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 NAND \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc \uce69\uc5d0 \uace8\uace0\ub8e8 \ubd84\uc0b0\ub418\uc5b4\uc11c \uc800\uc7a5\ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc5f0\uad00\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub4e4\uc740 \ucd5c\ub300\ud55c \ub3d9\uc77c \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc640 \ube14\ub85d \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud074\ub7ec\uc2a4\ud130\ub9c1 \ube14\ub85d\uc5d0 \uae30\ub85d\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub798\uc57c\uc9c0\ub9cc SSD\uc758 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud574\uc11c \ub098\uc911\uc5d0 \ud55c\ubc88\uc758 I\/O\ub85c \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uc77d\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\uc544\ub798\uc758 \uadf8\ub9bc 10\uc740 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uce69\uc774 4\uac1c \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 2\uac1c\uc758 \ucc44\ub110\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 SSD\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ucc38\uace0\ub85c \ub300 \ubd80\ubd84\uc758 SSD\ub294 \ud56d\uc0c1 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uce69\ub2f9 2\uac1c \ub610\ub294 \uadf8 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub294\ub370,<br \/>\n\uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc124\uba85\uc758 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud654\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c \uce69\ub2f9 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\ub9cc \uc788\ub294 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc744 \uadf8\ub838\ub2e4. \ub300\ubb38\uc790\ub294 NAND \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc \ube14\ub85d \ud06c\uae30\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub9bc 10\uc758 \ucd5c \uc0c1\ub2e8\uc5d0 \ud45c\uc2dc\ub41c \uc624\ud37c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc740 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">[A B C D]<\/code> \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c\ud558\uac8c \uc4f0\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 Clustered block\uc758 \uc0ac\uc774\uc988\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc4f0\uae30 \uc624\ud37c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc740 \ube60\ub978 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac\uc640 \uc778\ud130\ub9ac\ube59 \ubaa8\ub4dc\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud574\uc11c 4\uac1c\uc758 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub77c\uc774\ud551\ub41c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n4\uac1c\uc758 \ube14\ub85d\uc740 \ub17c\ub9ac \ube14\ub85d \uc8fc\uc18c\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc5f0\uc18d\ub418\uac8c \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc2e4\uc81c \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uac01\uac01\uc758 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc5d0 \uc800\uc7a5\ub41c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\u201cWrite-order-based\u201d FTL\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294, \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ube14\ub85d\uc740 \ub3d9\ub4f1\ud558\uac8c \uc720\uc785\ub41c \uc4f0\uae30\ub97c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub798\uc11c Clustered block\uc740 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc758 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c PBN\uc744 \uac00\uc9c8 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc11c \uadf8\ub9bc 10\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294, \uccab Clustered block\uc740 4\uac1c\uc758 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud55c \ube14\ub85d\uc5d0 \uc800\uc7a5\ub418\uba70, \uac01 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 PBN\uc740 1, 23, 11 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 51\uc744 \uac16\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uadf8\ub9bc 10\uc758 \ud558\ub2e8\uc5d0\ub294 2\ubc88\uc758 \uc77d\uae30 \uc624\ud37c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\ub294\ub370, <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">[A B E F]<\/code>\uc640 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">[A B G H]<\/code> \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc77d\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">[A B E F]<\/code> \uc77d\uae30\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c,<br \/>\n<code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">A<\/code>\uc640 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">E<\/code>\ub294 \ub3d9\uc77c \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud574 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">B<\/code>\uc640 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">F<\/code>\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud574 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub798\uc11c <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">[A B E F]<\/code>\ub294 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ucc44\ub110\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c 2\uac1c\uc758 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc77d\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n<code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">[A B G H]<\/code> \uc77d\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c, <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">A<\/code>\uc640 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">B<\/code> \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">G<\/code>\uc640 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">H<\/code>\ub294 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac01\uac01 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc5d0 \uc800\uc7a5\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">[A B G H]<\/code>\ub294 2\uac1c\uc758 \ucc44\ub110\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud574\uc11c 4\uac1c\uc758 \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc77d\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc77d\uc744 \ub54c, \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \ucc44\ub110\uacfc \ud50c\ub808\uc778\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc880 \ub354 \ub0b4\ubd80 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \ucc98\ub9ac \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uba70 \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \uc77d\uae30 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/files\/coding_for_ssd_part5_4.jpg\" alt=\"\uadf8\ub9bc 10: SSD\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac \ud65c\uc6a9\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac\ub85c \uc778\ud574\uc11c, \uc131\ub2a5 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \uba40\ud2f0 \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc77d\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\ub3c4 \ub41c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\ub294 \uc77d\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778 \ub9f5\ud551 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc54c\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0<br \/>\n\uacb0\uad6d \ub3d9\uc77c \ucc44\ub110\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uac8c \ub420 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub610\ud55c \uba40\ud2f0 \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\ub85c \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc77d\uac8c \ub418\uba74, SSD\uc758 Read ahead (Prefetching buffer) \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uc800\ud574\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac8c\uc2dc\ubb3c\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:3:2\"><a href=\"3\" class=\"footnote\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h5 id=\"section-7\">\ub2e8\uc77c \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\uc758 \ub300\ub7c9 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc77d\uae30\ub294 \uba40\ud2f0 \uc4f0\ub808\ub4dc\uc758 \uc791\uc740 \uc77d\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub0ab\ub2e4<\/h5>\n<p>\ub3d9\uc2dc \ub79c\ub364 \uc77d\uae30\ub294 SSD\uc758 Read ahead \uba54\ucee4\ub2c8\uc998\uc744 \uc81c\ub300\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub610\ud55c \ub2e4\uc911\uc73c\ub85c \ub17c\ub9ac \ube14\ub85d \uc8fc\uc18c\ub97c \uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778 \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uace0 \uacb0\uad6d \ub3d9\uc77c \uce69\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d1\uc911\ub418\uc5b4 \ubc84\ub9b4 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uac8c\ub2e4\uac00 \ub300\ub7c9 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc77d\uae30 \uc624\ud37c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc740 \uc5f0\uc18d\ub41c \uc8fc\uc18c\ub97c \uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 Read ahead \ubc84\ud37c(Read ahead \ubc84\ud37c\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74)\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uacb0\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c\ubc88\uc5d0 \ub300\ub7c9\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc77d\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc774 \ucd94\ucc9c\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>SSD \uc81c\uc870\uc0ac\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\ub098 \ube14\ub85d \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 Clustered block\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uacf5\uac1c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8<sup id=\"fnref:2:1\"><a href=\"2\" class=\"footnote\">1<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:3:3\"><a href=\"3\" class=\"footnote\">5<\/a><\/sup>\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c SSD\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \ud655\ub960\ub85c \uc54c\uc544\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f8 \ub54c \ubc84\ud37c\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\ub97c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\ud558\ub294\ub370 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70,<br \/>\n\ud574\ub2f9 SSD\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uc5d0 \ub9de\uac8c \ud3ec\ub9f7\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158\uc744 \uc5bc\ub77c\uc778(Align)\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \uc139\uc158 8.4\ub97c \ucc38\uc870\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc790.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"section-8\">7.4. \ub3d9\uc2dc \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f0\uae30<\/h3>\n<p>\uc791\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \uc791\uc5c5\uc774 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \uc131\ub2a5 \uc800\ud558\ub97c \uc720\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:1:3\"><a href=\"1\" class=\"footnote\">3<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:3:4\"><a href=\"3\" class=\"footnote\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\n\ub3d9\uc77c \ub0b4\ubd80 \uc790\uc6d0\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f0\uae30\uac00 \uacbd\ud569\uc744 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub610\ud55c \uc77d\uae30\uc640 \uc4f0\uae30\ub97c \ud63c\ud569\ud558\uba74 Read ahead\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ub0b4\ubd80 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654 \uba54\ucee4\ub2c8\uc998\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h5 id=\"section-9\">\uc77d\uae30\uc640 \uc4f0\uae30 \uc694\uccad\uc758 \ubd84\ub9ac<\/h5>\n<p>\uc791\uc740 \uc77d\uae30\uc640 \uc4f0\uae30\uac00 \ud63c\ud569\ub418\uc5b4 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc2e4\ud589\ub418\ub294 \uc6cc\ud06c\ub85c\ub4dc\ub294 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778 \uce90\uc2f1\uc774\ub098 Read ahead \uba54\ucee4\ub2c8\uc998\uc774 \uc81c\ub300\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc11c \uc804\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc2a4\ub8e8\ud48b\uc744 \ub5a8\uc5b4\ub728\ub9ac\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f0\uae30 \uc694\uccad\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ud53c\ud558\uace0 \ud558\ub098\uc529 \ud070 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc758 \uccad\ud06c(Clsutered block \ud06c\uae30)\ub97c \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f0\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc11c 1000\uac1c\uc758 \ud30c\uc77c\uc774 \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8 \ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud55c \uac1c\uc529 \ub8e8\ud504\ub85c \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f0\ub294 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc774\ub7f0 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \ub290\ub9ac\uac8c \ucc98\ub9ac\ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\uba74 \ud55c\ubc88\uc5d0 1000\uac1c\uc758 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud55c\ubc88\uc5d0 \uc77d\uace0 \uadf8 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0 1000\uac1c\uc758 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud55c\ubc88\uc5d0 \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2 id=\"section-10\">8. \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"partition-alignment\">8.1. \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158 \uc5bc\ub77c\uc778\uba3c\ud2b8 (Partition alignment)<\/h3>\n<p>\uc139\uc158 3.1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc124\uba85\ub41c \ubc14\uc640 \uac19\uc774, \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\uc5d0 \ub9de\ucdb0\uc11c \uc2e4\ud589\ub41c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\uc5d0 \ub9de\ucdb0\uc11c \uc4f0\uae30 \uc694\uccad\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 NAND \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc\uc758 \ubb3c\ub9ac \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ubc14\ub85c(Read-modify-write \uacfc\uc815 \uc5c6\uc774) \uae30\ub85d\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uae30\ub85d\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 SSD \ud398\uc774\uc9c0 \ud06c\uae30\ub77c \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ubb3c\ub9ac \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc640 \ub9de\ucdb0\uc9c0\uc9c0(Alignment) \uc54a\uc740 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 2\uac1c\uc758 NAND \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc \ubb3c\ub9ac \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc774\ub7f0 \ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \uc0dd\uae30\uba74, SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub294 \ub450\ubc88\uc758 \u201cRead-modify-write\u201d \uc624\ud37c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:53\"><a href=\"53\" class=\"footnote\">9<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub798\uc11c SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc758 \uc4f0\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158\uc774 NAND \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc \ud398\uc774\uc9c0 \uc0ac\uc774\uc988\uc640 \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9de\ucdb0\uc84c\ub294\uc9c0(Align)\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc774\ub4dc \ubb38\uc11c\uc640 \ud29c\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc5bc\uc5d0\uc11c SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub97c \ud3ec\ub9f7\ud560 \ub54c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub97c \uc124\uc815\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc18c\uac1c\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:54\"><a href=\"54\" class=\"footnote\">10<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:55\"><a href=\"55\" class=\"footnote\">11<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\n\uad6c\uae00\uc5d0\uc11c \uac80\uc0c9\ud574\ubcf4\uba74 \ud2b9\uc815 SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc640 \ube14\ub85d \uc0ac\uc774\uc988 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 Clustered block\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub9cc\uc57d \uc774\ub7f0 \uc815\ubcf4\ub4e4\uc774 \uad6c\uae00 \uac80\uc0c9\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc778\uc774 \uc548\ub420 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294, \ub9ac\ubc84\uc2a4 \uc5d4\uc9c0\ub2c8\uc5b4\ub9c1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c \uc774\ub7f0 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130 \uac12\ub4e4\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:2:2\"><a href=\"2\" class=\"footnote\">1<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:3:5\"><a href=\"3\" class=\"footnote\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\n\ud30c\ud2f0\uc158 \uc5bc\ub77c\uc778\uba3c\ud2b8\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud788 \ub04c\uc5b4\uc62c\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294<sup id=\"fnref:43\"><a href=\"43\" class=\"footnote\">12<\/a><\/sup> \uac83\uc740 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubb38\uc11c<sup id=\"fnref:43:1\"><a href=\"43\" class=\"footnote\">12<\/a><\/sup>\uc5d0\uc11c \ud655\uc778\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub610\ud55c \ud06c\uc9c4 \uc54a\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud30c\uc77c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc744 \uac74\ub108\ub6f0\uc5b4\uc11c SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc4f0\uae30\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc131\ub2a5 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc744 \uae30\ub300\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:44\"><a href=\"44\" class=\"footnote\">13<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h5 id=\"align-the-partitio\">Align the partitio<\/h5>\n<p>SSD \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc640 \ub17c\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc4f0\uae30\uac00 \uc815\ud655\ud558\uac8c \ub9de\ucdb0\uc9c0\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c, \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158\uc774 NAND \ud50c\ub798\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc758 \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc640 \ub9de\ucdb0\uc9c0\ub3c4\ub85d(Align) \ud3ec\ub9f7\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3 id=\"section-11\">8.2. \ud30c\uc77c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130<\/h3>\n<p>\uc139\uc158 5.1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc18c\uac1c\ub418\uc5c8\ub4ef\uc774, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud30c\uc77c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774 TRIM \uba85\ub839<sup id=\"fnref:16\"><a href=\"16\" class=\"footnote\">14<\/a><\/sup>\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub9ac\ub205\uc2a4 2.6.33 \ub610\ub294 \uadf8 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ubc84\uc804\uc5d0\uc11c ext4\uc640 XFS \ud30c\uc77c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\ub9cc TRIM \uba85\ub839\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294\ub370,<br \/>\n\uc774\ub54c\uc5d0\ub3c4 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">discard<\/code> \ub9c8\uc6b4\ud2b8 \uc635\uc158\uc774 \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158\uc744 \ub9c8\uc6b4\ud2b8\ud560 \ub54c, <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">noatimer<\/code>,<code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">nodiratime<\/code><br \/>\n\uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">relatime<\/code> \ub9c8\uc6b4\ud2b8 \uc635\uc158\uc744 \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \ud30c\uc77c\uc758 \uba54\ud0c0 \uc815\ubcf4 \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \ud574\uc11c \uc131\ub2a5 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc744 \uae30\ub300\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4<br \/>\n(\ubb3c\ub860 \uba54\ud0c0 \uc815\ubcf4 \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8\uac00 \ubd88\ud544\uc694\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub9cc) <sup id=\"fnref:40\"><a href=\"40\" class=\"footnote\">15<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:55:1\"><a href=\"55\" class=\"footnote\">11<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:56\"><a href=\"56\" class=\"footnote\">16<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:57\"><a href=\"57\" class=\"footnote\">17<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h5 id=\"trim--\">TRIM \uba85\ub839 \ud65c\uc131\ud654<\/h5>\n<p>\ud30c\uc77c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uacfc \ub9ac\ub205\uc2a4 \ucee4\ub110\uc774 TRIM \uba85\ub839\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc790.<br \/>\nTRIM \uba85\ub839\uc740 \ud638\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c \ube14\ub85d\uc774 \uc0ad\uc81c\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0, \uadf8 \uc0ad\uc81c \ube14\ub85d \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub85c \uc804\ub2ec\ud574\uc8fc\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\uba70,<br \/>\n\uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc0ad\uc81c \ube14\ub85d \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c SSD \ucee8\ud2b8\ub864\ub7ec\uac00 \uc54c\uac8c \ub418\uba74 Garbage-collection\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc0ad\uc81c\ub41c \ube14\ub85d\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \ubd88\ud544\uc694\ud55c \ubcf5\uc0ac \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \ud53c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3 id=\"io--1\">8.3. \uc6b4\uc601 \uccb4\uc81c\uc758 I\/O \uc2a4\ucf00\uc904\ub7ec<\/h3>\n<p>\ub9ac\ub205\uc2a4\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 I\/O \uc2a4\ucf00\uc904\ub7ec\ub294 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">CFQ<\/code>(Completely Fair Queuing)\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\n<code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">CFQ<\/code>\ub294 \uc694\uccad\ub41c I\/O\ub97c \ubaa8\uc544\uc11c \ubc30\uce58\ub85c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc2a4\ud53c\ub2dd HDD(Spinning hard disk)\uc758 seek-time\uc744 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654 \ud574\uc900\ub2e4.<br \/>\nSSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub294 \uae30\uacc4\uc801\uc778 \uc7a5\uce58\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \uc774\ub7f0 \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 I\/O \uc694\uccad\uc758 \uc7ac \uc815\ub82c(Re-ordering)\uc740 \ud544\uc694\uce58 \uc54a\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub9ce\uc740 \uac00\uc774\ub4dc \ubb38\uc11c\uc640 \ud1a0\ub860 \uc0ac\uc774\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 I\/O \uc2a4\ucf00\uc904\ub7ec\ub97c <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">CFG<\/code>\uc5d0\uc11c <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">NOOP<\/code>\uc774\ub098 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">Deadline<\/code>\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 SSD\uc758 \ub808\uc774\ud134\uc2dc\ub97c \uc904\uc5ec\uc904 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<sup id=\"fnref:56:1\"><a href=\"56\" class=\"footnote\">16<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:58\"><a href=\"58\" class=\"footnote\">18<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\n\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub9ac\ub205\uc2a4 \ubc84\uc804 3.1\ubd80\ud130, <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">CFQ<\/code>\ub294 SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:59\"><a href=\"59\" class=\"footnote\">19<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\nSSD\ub85c \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc6cc\ud06c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c I\/O \uc2a4\ucf00\uc904\ub7ec\ubcc4 \uc131\ub2a5 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \ubca4\uce58\ub9c8\ud06c \uc790\ub8cc\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:40:1\"><a href=\"40\" class=\"footnote\">15<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:60\"><a href=\"60\" class=\"footnote\">20<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:61\"><a href=\"61\" class=\"footnote\">21<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:62\"><a href=\"62\" class=\"footnote\">22<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\n\uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \uc0dd\uac01\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc6cc\ud06c\ub85c\ub4dc\uac00 \uc544\uc8fc \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc751\uc6a9 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8 \ubca4\uce58\ub9c8\ud0b9 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 I\/O \uc2a4\ucf00\uc904\ub7ec\uac00 \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\uba74,<br \/>\n\uad73\uc774 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">CFQ<\/code> \uc2a4\ucf00\uc904\ub7ec\uc5d0\uc11c <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">NOOP<\/code>\uc774\ub098 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">Deadline<\/code>\uc73c\ub85c \ubc14\uafc0 \ud544\uc694\ub294 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"swap\">8.4. \uc2a4\uc651 (Swap)<\/h3>\n<p>Swap\uc774 \uc790\uc8fc \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ub9ce\uc740 I\/O \uc694\uccad\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0,<br \/>\nSSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc5d0 \uc2a4\uc651 \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 SSD\uc758 \ub79c\ub364 \uc4f0\uae30\uac00 \uc790\uc8fc \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uba70 \uadf8\ub85c \uc778\ud574\uc11c \uc218\uba85\uc774 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \ube68\ub9ac \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\ub9ac\ub205\uc2a4 \ucee4\ub110\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">vm.swappiness<\/code> \ucee4\ub110 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub97c \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc790\uc8fc \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc744 \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c\ub85c \uc2a4\uc651\ud560\uc9c0\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n<code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">vm.swappiness<\/code> \uac12\uc73c <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">0<\/code>\ubd80\ud130 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">100<\/code>\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc124\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\ub370,<br \/>\n<code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">0<\/code>\uc740 \ucee4\ub110\uc774 \ucd5c\ub300\ud55c \uc2a4\uc651\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uba70 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">100<\/code>\uc740 \ucd5c\ub300\ud55c \ucee4\ub110\uc774 \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c\uc758 \uc2a4\uc651 \uc601\uc5ed\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc720\ub3c4\ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 Ubuntu\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">vm.swappiness<\/code> \uae30\ubcf8 \uac12\uc774 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">60<\/code>\uc774\ub2e4. SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">vm.swappiness<\/code> \uac12\uc744<br \/>\n\ucd5c\ub300\ud55c \ub0ae\uc740 \uac12\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uc815\ud558\uc5ec SSD\ub85c \uae30\ub85d\ub418\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud558\uc5ec SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc758 \uc218\uba85\uc744 \ub298\ub9ac\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:56:2\"><a href=\"56\" class=\"footnote\">16<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:63\"><a href=\"63\" class=\"footnote\">23<\/a><\/sup>.<br \/>\n\uc5b4\ub5a4 \uac00\uc774\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">vm.swappiness<\/code> \uac12\uc73c\ub85c <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">1<\/code>\uc744 \ucd94\ucc9c\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">1<\/code>\uc740 <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">0<\/code>\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ub0b8\ub2e4<sup id=\"fnref:57:1\"><a href=\"57\" class=\"footnote\">17<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:58:1\"><a href=\"58\" class=\"footnote\">18<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"section-12\">8.5. \uc784\uc2dc \ud30c\uc77c<\/h3>\n<p>\uad73\uc774 \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c\uc5d0 \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\ub3c4 \ub418\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc784\uc2dc \ud30c\uc77c\ub4e4\uacfc \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\ub4e4\uc740 SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc758 P\/E cycle\uc744 \ub0ad\ube44\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/>\n\uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \ud30c\uc77c\ub4e4\uc740 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\uba74 RAM\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c <code class=\"highlighter-rouge\">tmpfs<\/code> \ud30c\uc77c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ub3c4\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc790<sup id=\"fnref:56:3\"><a href=\"56\" class=\"footnote\">16<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:57:2\"><a href=\"57\" class=\"footnote\">17<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"fnref:58:2\"><a href=\"58\" class=\"footnote\">18<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>This articles are translated to Korean with original author\u2019s(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.goossaert.com\/\">Emmanuel Goossaert<\/a>) permission. Really appreciate his effort and sharing.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Original articles :<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/codecapsule.com\/2014\/02\/12\/coding-for-ssds-part-1-introduction-and-table-of-contents\/\">Part 1: Introduction and Table of Contents<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/codecapsule.com\/2014\/02\/12\/coding-for-ssds-part-2-architecture-of-an-ssd-and-benchmarking\/\">Part 2: Architecture of an SSD and Benchmarking<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/codecapsule.com\/2014\/02\/12\/coding-for-ssds-part-3-pages-blocks-and-the-flash-translation-layer\/\">Part 3: Pages, Blocks, and the Flash Translation Layer<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/codecapsule.com\/2014\/02\/12\/coding-for-ssds-part-4-advanced-functionalities-and-internal-parallelism\/\">Part 4: Advanced Functionalities and Internal Parallelism<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/codecapsule.com\/2014\/02\/12\/coding-for-ssds-part-5-access-patterns-and-system-optimizations\/\">Part 5: Access Patterns and System Optimizations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/codecapsule.com\/2014\/02\/12\/coding-for-ssds-part-6-a-summary-what-every-programmer-should-know-about-solid-state-drives\/\">Part 6: A Summary \u2013 What every programmer should know about solid-state drives<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3 id=\"references\">References<\/h3>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/csl.skku.edu\/papers\/CS-TR-2010-329.pdf\">Parameter-Aware I\/O Management for Solid State Disks (SSDs), Kim et al., 2012<\/a> <a href=\"2\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>2<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"2\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:8\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/legacy\/event\/fast12\/tech\/full_papers\/Min.pdf\">SFS: Random Write Considered Harmful in Solid State Drives, Min et al., 2012<\/a> <a href=\"8\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cse.ohio-state.edu\/hpcs\/WWW\/HTML\/publications\/papers\/TR-09-2.pdf\">Understanding Intrinsic Characteristics and System Implications of Flash Memory based Solid State Drives, Chen et al., 2009<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>2<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"2\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>3<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"3\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:5\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/pubs\/63596\/usenix-08-ssd.pdf\">Design Tradeoffs for SSD Performance, Agrawal et al., 2008<\/a> <a href=\"5\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.csc.lsu.edu\/~fchen\/paper\/papers\/hpca11.pdf\">Essential roles of exploiting internal parallelism of flash memory based solid state drives in high-speed data processing, Chen et al, 2011<\/a> <a href=\"3\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>2<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"2\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>3<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"3\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>4<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"4\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>5<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"5\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:26\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.storagereview.com\/samsung_ssd_840_pro_review\">http:\/\/www.storagereview.com\/samsung_ssd_840_pro_review<\/a> <a href=\"26\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:27\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.storagereview.com\/micron_p420m_enterprise_pcie_ssd_review\">http:\/\/www.storagereview.com\/micron_p420m_enterprise_pcie_ssd_review<\/a> <a href=\"27\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:47\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.acunu.com\/2\/post\/2011\/08\/why-theory-fails-for-ssds.html\">http:\/\/www.acunu.com\/2\/post\/2011\/08\/why-theory-fails-for-ssds.html<\/a> <a href=\"47\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:53\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/blog.nuclex-games.com\/2009\/12\/aligning-an-ssd-on-linux\/\">http:\/\/blog.nuclex-games.com\/2009\/12\/aligning-an-ssd-on-linux\/<\/a> <a href=\"53\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:54\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.linux-mag.com\/id\/8397\/\">http:\/\/www.linux-mag.com\/id\/8397\/<\/a> <a href=\"54\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:55\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/tytso.livejournal.com\/2009\/02\/20\/\">http:\/\/tytso.livejournal.com\/2009\/02\/20\/<\/a> <a href=\"55\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:43\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rethinkdb.com\/blog\/page-alignment-on-ssds\/\">http:\/\/rethinkdb.com\/blog\/page-alignment-on-ssds\/<\/a> <a href=\"43\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:44\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rethinkdb.com\/blog\/more-on-alignment-ext2-and-partitioning-on-ssds\/\">http:\/\/rethinkdb.com\/blog\/more-on-alignment-ext2-and-partitioning-on-ssds\/<\/a> <a href=\"44\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:16\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trim_(computing)\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trim_(computing)<\/a> <a href=\"16\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:40\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/superuser.com\/questions\/228657\/which-linux-filesystem-works-best-with-ssd\/\">http:\/\/superuser.com\/questions\/228657\/which-linux-filesystem-works-best-with-ssd\/<\/a> <a href=\"40\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:56\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.debian.org\/SSDOptimization\">https:\/\/wiki.debian.org\/SSDOptimization<\/a> <a href=\"56\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>2<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"2\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>3<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"3\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:57\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/wiki.gentoo.org\/wiki\/SSD\">http:\/\/wiki.gentoo.org\/wiki\/SSD<\/a> <a href=\"57\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>2<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"2\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:58\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.archlinux.org\/index.php\/Solid_State_Drives\">https:\/\/wiki.archlinux.org\/index.php\/Solid_State_Drives<\/a> <a href=\"58\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a> <a href=\"1\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>2<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"2\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:59\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/Documentation\/block\/cfq-iosched.txt\">https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/Documentation\/block\/cfq-iosched.txt<\/a> <a href=\"59\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:60\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.danielscottlawrence.com\/blog\/should_i_change_my_disk_scheduler_to_use_NOOP.html\">http:\/\/www.danielscottlawrence.com\/blog\/should_i_change_my_disk_scheduler_to_use_NOOP.html<\/a> <a href=\"60\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:61\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=article&amp;item=linux_iosched_2012\">http:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=article&amp;item=linux_iosched_2012<\/a> <a href=\"61\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:62\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.velobit.com\/storage-performance-blog\/bid\/126135\/Effects-Of-Linux-IO-Scheduler-On-SSD-Performance\">http:\/\/www.velobit.com\/storage-performance-blog\/bid\/126135\/Effects-Of-Linux-IO-Scheduler-On-SSD-Performance<\/a> <a href=\"62\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:63\">\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.axpad.com\/blog\/301\">http:\/\/www.axpad.com\/blog\/301<\/a> <a href=\"63\" class=\"reversefootnote\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/tech.kakao.com\/2016\/07\/17\/coding-for-ssd-part-5\/\" target=\"_blank\">\uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub97c \uc704\ud55c SSD (Coding for SSD) &#8211; Part 5 : \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\ubc95\uacfc \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>\uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub97c \uc704\ud55c SSD (Coding for SSD) &#8211; Part 5 : \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\ubc95\uacfc \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654 \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 SSD \ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778 \uc791\ub3d9 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uc0b4\ud3b4 \ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c SSD\ub97c \uc811\uadfc\ud560 \ub54c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadf8 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\ubc95\uc774 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubc29\ubc95\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc65c \ub098\uc740\uc9c0 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc774\ud574\ub97c \ub3d5\ub294 \uc790\ub8cc\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc81c\uacf5\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ubc88 \ucc55\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc77d\uae30\uc640 \uc4f0\uae30\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ucc98\ub9ac\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f0\uae30\uac00 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \ub54c \uc11c\ub85c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uac04\uc12d \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ub0b4\uac8c \ub418\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uaca0\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc131\ub2a5 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ud30c\uc77c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc870\uae08 \uc5b8\uae09\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uaca0\ub2e4 7. \uc561\uc138\uc2a4 \ud328\ud134 7.1. \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c\uacfc \ub79c\ub364 I\/O\uc758 \uc815\uc758 \uc774\ubc88 \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c(\u201csequential\u201d)\uacfc \ub79c\ub364(\u201crandom\u201d)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub85c SSD \uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\uc804 I\/O \uc624\ud37c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc758 \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \ub17c\ub9ac \ube14\ub85d \uc8fc\uc18c(LBA) \uc9c1\ud6c4\uc758 \ub17c\ub9ac \ube14\ub85d \uc8fc\uc18c(LBA)\ub97c \uc2dc\uc791 \uc9c0\uc810\uc73c\ub85c SSD\ub97c \uc811\uadfc\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc2dc\ud000\uc15c\uc774\uba70, \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \ub79c\ub364\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 FTL\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c \ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ube14\ub85d \ub9f5\ud551\uc774 \uc2e4\ud589\ub418\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ub17c\ub9ac \uc8fc\uc18c\uac00 \uc5f0\uc18d\uc801\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud574\uc11c \uc2e4\uc81c \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc704\uce58\uac00 \uc5f0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2d0 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\ub3c4 \uae30\uc5b5\ud574\ub450\uc790. <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%9e%90%eb%a5%bc-%ec%9c%84%ed%95%9c-ssd-coding-for-ssd-part-5-%ec%a0%91%ea%b7%bc-%eb%b0%a9%eb%b2%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%8b%9c%ec%8a%a4%ed%85%9c-%ec%b5%9c%ec%a0%81%ed%99%94\/\" title=\"\uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub97c \uc704\ud55c SSD (Coding for SSD) &#8211; Part 5 : \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\ubc95\uacfc \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\">[ more&#8230; ]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[169],"tags":[705],"class_list":["post-8771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news","tag-kakao"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8771","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8771"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8771\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8772,"href":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8771\/revisions\/8772"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8771"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8771"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jirak.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8771"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}